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| A walk down Valiasr Avenue |
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Most of these historical monuments have been registered on the National Heritage List and are functioning as museums.
History in brief
Valiasr Avenue was established upon the order of the deposed dictator Reza Shah Pahlavi with the initial aim of connecting the Pahlavi complexes, including different palaces and luxury houses to Tehran’s Railroad Station.
The large numbers of sycamores, planted on both sides of the avenue, give it a very pleasing appearance. In fact, sycamore and Tehran are ancient friends. The name of Tehran reminds visitors of sycamores.
A famous Italian tourist, Peter Delavale, who traveled to Iran 400 years ago, has described Tehran as the town of sycamores in his travelogue.
Iranian farmers knew sycamores as the king of trees and planted them in the vicinity of their farms.
Sycamores have high importance in the ancient culture of Iran, as they are considered sacred.
Tehran Railroad Station
Almost all historical sites situated along the avenue have been registered on the National Heritage List and Tehran Railroad Station is the first registered historical site.
The station was built under the supervision of Karim Taherzadeh Behzad, the brother of renowned Iranian miniaturist, Hussein Behzad, and a Ukrainian engineer named Veladislav Veladislavic Garaditski, who was buried in the Armenian graveyard of Tehran.
The design of Tehran Railroad Station was inspired by ancient Persian architecture.
City Theater
The modern building of City Theater, located at the junction of Enqelab and Valiasr avenues, is another eye-catching monument of Tehran.
City Theater is surrounded by a park named Daneshjou (students). It is Iran’s largest theater complex comprising five halls, namely the Main Hall, Chaharsou, Qashqaie, Sayeh and a rehearsal hall in the basement.
Amirali Afkhami supervised the construction of City Theater, which is among the first postmodern buildings of Tehran.
The house of Professor Adl, one of the first Iranian surgeons, is another historical site built alongside Valiasr Avenue. The old mansion was built by a Russian engineer named Markov. Surrounded by tall pine trees, the mansion is spread over 2,700 meters and blends Russian and Persian architecture. The facade of the building has been decorated with attractive carvings.
Other sites
Anis-od-Doleh Mansion is another relic located on one of the corners of the avenue. It has been registered on the National Heritage List. Anis-od-Doleh was the first wife of Nassereddin Shah who had a great influence on the king and played a political role.
The mansion is a two-story building that was once surrounded by a large beautiful garden, which has been destroyed during construction projects and only a small yard remains.
The building enjoys beautiful plasterworks and has been recognized as one of the most attractive monuments remaining from the Qajar era in Tehran.
Two other historical sites include the Qajar-era mansion named Ahmadshahi situated in the heart of “501 Hospital of Iran’s Army Forces” and Tehran University’s Institute of Archeology built during the Pahlavi era.
One of the most important attractions of the avenue is Bagh-e Ferdows (Ferdows Garden) which extends over 20,000 square meters. A two-story house named Ferdows Mansion sits in the middle of the garden. It was built by Husseinali Khan Moayyer-ol-Mamalek, a Qajarid political figure.
The longest street in the Middle East, Valiasr Avenue is also the main shopping street in Tehran and even in the country. Many famous chain stores have branches on this street.
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.jpg "Snow-clad trees on Valiasr Avenue")
.jpg "Azari traditional teahouse")
.jpg "Imamzadeh Saleh historical shrine")