One of the most renowned Persian polymaths is Avicenna, also known as Ibn Sina, who lived over 1000 years ago.

He was a doctor, astronomer, thinker, and writer during the Islamic golden age. His most famous works are the Book of Healing (Kitab Al-Shifa) a philosophical and scientific encyclopedia, and the Canon of Medicine, a medical encyclopedia which became a standard medical text at many medieval universities and was used until 1650.